Lilemong tsa morao tjena, matla a tsosolositsoeng a lefats'e a tsoetse pele ka potlako, haholo-holo theknoloji ea motlakase ea photovoltaic e entse tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele. Ka 2024, morero o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa lefats'e o bulehileng oa photovoltaic o lebōpong la leoatle o ile oa kopanngoa ka katleho le marang-rang a Shandong, Chaena, e ileng ea boela ea khahla tlhokomelo ea indasteri ho bokamoso ba photovoltaics ea offshore. Morero ona ha o bontše feela kholo ea theknoloji ea photovoltaic ea offshore, empa hape e fana ka tataiso e ncha bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea matla a tsosolositsoeng nakong e tlang. Joale, ke hobane'ng ha photovoltaic ea offshore e tumme hakaale? Litebello tsa ntlafatso ea kamoso ke life?
1. Melemo ea offshore photovoltaics: Ke hobane'ng ha e le habohlokoa ho ntlafatsa?
Offshore photovoltaics (Offshore Floating PV) e bolela ho kenya li-module tsa photovoltaic holim'a leoatle bakeng sa ho hlahisa matla. Ha e bapisoa le li-photovoltaics tsa setso tsa naha, e na le melemo e mengata:
1. Paballo ea mehloli ea mobu
Liteishene tsa matla a lefats'e tsa photovoltaic li na le mehloli e mengata ea mobu, ha photovoltaics e lebōpong la leoatle e sebelisa sebaka sa leoatle, e leng se thusang ho fokotsa mathata a tsitsipano ea mobu, haholo-holo libakeng tse nang le baahi ba bangata kapa libakeng tse nang le mehloli e fokolang ea mobu.
2. Matla a phahameng a ho hlahisa matla
Ka lebaka la mocheso o batlang o tsitsitse leoatleng, phello e pholileng ea 'mele oa metsi e etsa hore mocheso oa li-modules tsa photovoltaic o fokotsehe, kahoo o ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho hlahisa matla.
Liphuputso li bontšitse hore tlhahiso ea matla ea photovoltaics ea offshore e ka ba 5% ~ 10% e phahameng ho feta ea photovoltaics ea naha.
3. Tšebeliso e felletseng ea matla a tsosolositsoeng
Li-photovoltaics tsa offshore li ka kopanngoa le matla a moea a tsoang lebōpong la leoatle ho theha tsamaiso ea matla a "phefo-solar complementary" ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba phepelo ea matla.
E ka boela ea kopanngoa le liindasteri tse kang tsa mapolanka a leoatleng le ho ntša letsoai metsing a leoatle ho finyella tsoelo-pele e kopanetsoeng ea mesebetsi e mengata.
4. Fokotsa ho thibela lerōle le ho ntlafatsa bohloeki ba liphanele tsa photovoltaic
Li-photovoltaics tsa mobu li angoa habonolo ke lehlabathe le seretse, e leng se etsang hore ho be le tšilafalo ea holim'a metsi a photovoltaic modules, ha photovoltaics ea offshore e sa amehe haholo ke sena 'me e na le litšenyehelo tse fokolang tsa tlhokomelo.
2. Morero o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa lefatše oa photovoltaic oa offshore: Karolo ea pontšo ea Shandong
Khokahano e atlehileng ea marang-rang ea projeke e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lefatše ea openshore photovoltaic e Dongying, Shandong, e tšoaea mohato o mocha oa li-photovoltaics tsa offshore ho ea nts'etsopele ea kholo le khoebo. Likarolo tsa projeke li kenyelletsa:
1. Bokhoni bo boholo bo kentsoeng: Seteishene sa motlakase sa photovoltaic se boemong ba Gigawatt-level offshore, se nang le kakaretso e kentsoeng ea 1GW, ke morero oa pele oa lefats'e oa ho fihla boemong bona.
2. Sebaka se selelele sa lebopong: Morero o sebakeng sa leoatle lik'hilomithara tse 8 ho tloha lebopong, ho ikamahanya le tikoloho e rarahaneng ea leoatle, e pakang bokhoni ba tekheniki ba photovoltaics ea offshore.
3. Tšebeliso ea theknoloji e tsoetseng pele: Tšebeliso ea likaroloana tse thibelang ho bola, mekhoa e bohlale ea ts'ebetso le tlhokomelo le li-brackets tse phaphametseng li ntlafalitse ho tšepahala le ho tšoarella ha morero.
Morero ona ha se feela mohato oa bohlokoa phetohong ea matla a China, empa hape o fana ka boiphihlelo bakeng sa linaha tse ling ho ithuta le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea li-photovoltaics tsa offshore lefatšeng ka bophara.
III. Boemo ba hona joale le mekhoa ea nakong e tlang ea photovoltaics ea offshore ea lefatše
1. Linaha tse ka sehloohong moo photovoltaics ea offshore e sebelisoang hona joale
Hona joale, ho phaella Chaena, linaha tse kang Netherlands, Japane le Singapore le tsona li ntse li sebelisa ka mafolofolo photovoltaics e lebōpong la leoatle.
Netherlands: Ho tloha ka selemo sa 2019, morero oa "North Sea Solar" o ile oa thakholoa ho lekola monyetla oa ho sebelisa li-photovoltais tsa offshore Leoatleng le Leboea.
Japane: E lekanyelitsoe ke sebaka sa mobu, e ntlafalitse ka matla theknoloji ea photovoltaic e phaphametseng lilemong tsa morao tjena 'me e hahile liteishene tse' maloa tsa motlakase oa photovoltaic offshore.
Singapore: Morero o moholo ka ho fetesisa oa lefatše oa photovoltaic (60MW) o se o hahiloe 'me o ntse o tsoela pele ho khothaletsa lisebelisoa tse ling tsa kantle ho leoatle.
2. Mekhoa ea nakong e tlang ho nts'etsopele ea photovoltaics ea offshore
(1) Tsoelo-pele e kopantsoeng e nang le matla a moea a tsoang lebōpong la leoatle
Nakong e tlang, li-photovoltaics tsa offshore le matla a moea a lebōpong la leoatle butle-butle li tla theha "mohlala-solar complementary" mohlala, ho sebelisa sebaka se le seng sa leoatle bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea matla a pharaletseng. Sena se ke ke sa fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa kaho feela, empa hape se ka ntlafatsa matla a matla.
(2) Khatelo-pele ea theknoloji le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo
Hajoale, li-photovoltaics tsa offshore li ntse li tobana le mathata a tekheniki a kang ho bola ha letsoai, tšusumetso ea moea le maqhubu, le tlhokomelo e thata. Leha ho le joalo, ka tsoelo-pele ea mahlale a kang corrosion-resistant photovoltaic components, ts'ebetso e bohlale le tlhokomelo, le tsamaiso ea ho ntlafatsa AI, litšenyehelo tsa kaho le tlhokomelo ea li-photovoltaics tsa offshore li tla fokotseha butle-butle nakong e tlang.
(3) Tšehetso ea maano le matsete
Mebuso ea linaha tse fapaneng e eketsa ts'ehetso ea eona ea leano bakeng sa li-photovoltais tsa offshore, mohlala:
China: "Leano la 14th la Lilemo Tse Hlano" le tšehetsa ka ho hlaka nts'etsopele ea matla a macha a lebōpong la leoatle 'me le khothalletsa tsoelo-pele e kopanetsoeng ea photovoltaics ea offshore le matla a moea a lebōpong la leoatle.
EU: E hlahisitsoe "European Green Deal" 'me e rerile ho haha motheo o moholo oa matla a tsosolositsoeng a lebōpong la leoatle ka 2050, eo photovoltaics e tla ikarabella bakeng sa karolo ea bohlokoa.
IV. Mathata le maqheka a ho sebetsana le maoatle a photovoltaics a offshore
Le hoja li-photovoltais tsa offshore li na le menyetla e pharaletseng, li ntse li tobana le mathata a kang:
1. Mathata a tekheniki
Moqapi o hanyetsanang le moea le maqhubu: likarolo tsa photovoltaic le li-brackets li hloka ho mamella maemo a thata a leoatle (joaloka maholiotsoana le maqhubu a phahameng).
Lisebelisoa tse thibelang ho bola: Metsi a leoatle a senya haholo, 'me li-module tsa photovoltaic, li-brackets, li-connectors, joalo-joalo li hloka ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse thibelang ho bola ha letsoai.
Nako ea poso: Feb-25-2025