Gine-ginen tulin karafa wani aiki ne da ake yi a cikin ruwa ko kusa da ruwa, da nufin samar da busasshiyar wuri mai aminci don gini. Yin gine-gine ba bisa ka'ida ba ko rashin gano daidai tasirin muhalli kamar ingancin ƙasa, kwararar ruwa, matsewar zurfin ruwa, da dai sauransu na kogi, tafki, da teku a lokacin gini zai haifar da haɗarin aminci na ginin.
Babban tsari da wuraren kula da aminci na ginin tukwane na karfe cofferdam:
I. Tsarin gini
1. Shirye-shiryen Gina
○ Maganin wurin
Ana buƙatar dandali na ginin cikawa ya zama ƙasa ta hanyar Layer (ƙaurin da aka ba da shawarar shine ≤30cm) don tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin ɗaukar hoto ya dace da buƙatun aikin injin.
Ya kamata gangaren ramin magudanar ruwa ya zama ≥1%, sannan a saita tankin da zai iya hana toshewar silt.
○ Shirye-shiryen kayan aiki
Zaɓin tari na ƙarfe: Zaɓi nau'in tari bisa ga rahoton ƙasa (kamar nau'in Larsen IV don ƙasa mai laushi da nau'in U don layin tsakuwa).
Bincika mutuncin kulle: Aiwatar da man shanu ko mai dami a gaba don hana zubewa.
2. Aunawa da shimfidawa
Yi amfani da jimillar tasha don madaidaicin matsayi, saita takin sarrafawa kowane 10m, kuma bincika axis ɗin ƙira da karkacewar haɓaka (kuskuren da aka yarda ≤5cm).
3. Jagoran firam ɗin shigarwa
Tazarar da ke tsakanin ginshiƙan jagororin ƙarfe na jeri biyu shine 1 ~ 2cm ya fi girma fiye da nisa na tarin fakitin karfe don tabbatar da cewa juzu'in tsaye bai wuce 1%.
Ana buƙatar gyara katakon jagora ta hanyar walda ta ƙarfe ko ƙullawa don gujewa ƙaura yayin tarawar jijjiga.
4. Karfe tari saka
○ Tarin tuƙi: Fara daga tari na kusurwa, rufe ratar tare da dogon gefen zuwa tsakiya, ko yi amfani da ginin rukunin "style-screen" ( tara 10 ~ 20 kowace ƙungiya).
○ Gudanar da fasaha:
Matsakaicin madaidaiciyar tari na farko shine ≤0.5%, kuma ana gyara jikin tari mai zuwa ta “saitin tuƙi”.
○ Adadin tukin tuƙi: ≤1m/min a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, kuma ana buƙatar jet mai ƙarfi don taimakawa nutsewa a cikin ƙasa mai ƙarfi.
○ Maganin rufewa: Idan ba za a iya shigar da ragowar tazarar tare da daidaitattun tari ba, a yi amfani da tari mai siffa ta musamman (kamar tulin ƙulle) ko walda don rufewa.
5. Tono rami na tushe da magudanar ruwa
○ Haɓaka lebur (kowane Layer ≤2m), tallafi azaman tono, tazarar tallafi na ciki ≤3m (goyan baya na farko shine ≤1m daga saman rami).
○ Tsarin magudanar ruwa: Tazarar da ke tsakanin rijiyoyin tattara ruwa shine 20 ~ 30m, kuma ana amfani da famfunan ruwa (yawan kwararar ruwa ≥10m³/h) don ci gaba da yin famfo.
6. Ciki baya da tara hakar
Ciki baya yana buƙatar haɗawa da ma'auni a cikin yadudduka (digiri na ≥ 90%) don guje wa nakasar akwatin ajiya saboda matsa lamba ɗaya.
Jerin hakar tari: cire daga tsakiya zuwa ɓangarorin biyu a cikin tazara, sannan a yi amfani da ruwa ko yashi a lokaci guda don rage tashin hankalin ƙasa.
II. Gudanar da Tsaro
1. Risk Control
○ Anti-juyawa: Saka idanu na gaske na nakasar cofferdam (dakatar da ginin da ƙarfafa lokacin da ƙimar niyya ta fi 2%).
○ Anti-leakage: Bayan tarawa, rataya raga a ciki don fesa gyale ko shimfida wani abu mai hana ruwa ruwa.
○ Rikicin nutsewa: Sanya hanyoyin tsaro (tsawo ≥ 1.2m) da buoys / igiyoyi a kan dandalin aiki.
2. Martani ga yanayin aiki na musamman
○ Tasirin magudanar ruwa: Dakatar da aikin sa'o'i 2 kafin hawan igiyar ruwa kuma duba hatimin akwatin ajiya.
○ Gargadin ruwan sama mai ƙarfi: Rufe ramin tushe a gaba kuma fara kayan aikin magudanar ruwa (kamar famfo mai ƙarfi).
3. Gudanar da muhalli
○ Maganin laka: Saita tanki mai ɗaukar nauyi mai matakai uku sannan a zubar da shi bayan cika ka'idodi.
○ Sarrafa surutu: Iyakance kayan aiki masu yawan hayaniya yayin ginin dare (kamar yin amfani da tulin tulin tulin matsi maimakon).
Ⅲ. Mahimmin sigogi na fasaha
IV. Matsalolin gama gari da magani
1. Tari karkacewa
Dalili: abubuwa masu wuya a cikin ƙasa Layer ko kuskuren tsari na tarawa.
Jiyya: Yi amfani da “tabin gyarawa” don juyawa allura ko cika tari na gida.
2. Kulle yabo
Jiyya: Cika buhunan yumbu a waje kuma a yi amfani da wakili mai kumfa polyurethane a ciki don rufewa.
3. Ramin tushe
Rigakafin: Saurin gina farantin ƙasa kuma rage lokacin ɗaukar hoto.
V. Takaitawa
Gina takardar tari cofferdams ya kamata a mayar da hankali kan "bargarar (tsarin tsari), mai yawa (rufewa tsakanin tari), da sauri (sauri ƙulli)", da kuma daidaita tsarin tare da yanayin yanayin ƙasa. Don wuraren ruwa mai zurfi ko hadaddun maɓuɓɓuka, ana iya ɗaukar tsarin "tallafawa da farko sannan a tono" ko "haɗin cofferdam" (tari na ƙarfe + kankare bangon bango). Gininsa ya ƙunshi haɗin ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Daidaitaccen daidaituwa tsakanin mutum da yanayi na iya tabbatar da ci gaban gine-gine da kuma rage lalacewa da ɓarna na albarkatun ƙasa.
If you have any further questions or demands, please feel free to contact Ms. Wendy. wendy@jxhammer.com
whatsapp/wechat: + 86 183 5358 1176
Lokacin aikawa: Maris-10-2025