Ukwakhiwa kwenqwaba yamashidi ensimbi kuwumsebenzi owenziwa emanzini noma eduze namanzi, okuhloswe ngawo ukwakha indawo eyomile nephephile yokwakha. Ukwakhiwa ngendlela engafanele noma ukwehluleka ukuhlonza ngokunembile umthelela wendawo ezungezile njengekhwalithi yomhlabathi, ukugeleza kwamanzi, ingcindezi yokujula kwamanzi, njll. yomfula, ichibi, nolwandle ngesikhathi sokwakha kuzoholela nakanjani ezingozini zokuphepha ekwakhiweni.
Inqubo eyinhloko kanye namaphuzu okuphatha ukuphepha kwenqwaba yensimbi yokwakhiwa kwe-cofferdam:
I. Inqubo yokwakha
1. Ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa
○ Ukwelashwa kwesayithi
Isiteji sokwakha sokugcwalisa sidinga ukuhlanganisa isendlalelo ngesendlalelo (ubukhulu bongqimba obunconywayo ≤30cm) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umthamo wokuthwala uhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza kwemishini.
Umthambeka womsele wokudonsa amanzi kufanele ube ngu-≥1%, futhi ithange lenhlabathi kufanele limiswe ukuze kuvinjwe ukuvaleka kodaka.
○ Ukulungiselela okubalulekile
Ukukhetha inqwaba yamashidi ensimbi: Khetha uhlobo lwenqwaba ngokombiko wokwakheka komhlaba (njengohlobo lwe-Larsen IV lwenhlabathi ethambile kanye nohlobo lwe-U longqimba lwamatshe).
Hlola ubuqotho belokhi: Gcoba ibhotela noma isivalo kusengaphambili ukuze uvimbele ukuvuza.
2. Isilinganiso nesakhiwo
Sebenzisa isiteshi esiphelele ukuze umise kahle, setha izinqwaba zokulawula njalo nge-10m, futhi uhlole i-eksisi yokuklama nokuchezuka kokuphakama (iphutha elivumelekile ≤5cm).
3. Ukufakwa kohlaka lomhlahlandlela
Isikhala phakathi kwemishayo yensimbi eyimigqa emibili inkulu ngo-1~2cm kunobubanzi bezinqwaba zeshidi lensimbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuchezuka kungaphansi kuka-1%.
Imishayo yomhlahlandlela idinga ukulungiswa ngensimbi yokushisela noma i-bolting ukugwema ukugudluzwa ngesikhathi sokunqwabelana kokudlidliza.
4. Ukufakwa kwenqwaba yeshidi lensimbi
○ Ukulandelana kwenqwaba yokushayela: Qala kusukela enqwabeni yekhona, vala igebe ngohlangothi olude ukuya maphakathi, noma sebenzisa ukwakhiwa kweqembu “lesitayela sesikrini” (izinqwaba ezingu-10~20 iqembu ngalinye).
○ Ukulawula kobuchwepheshe:
Ukuchezuka kokuma kwenqwaba yokuqala kungu-≤0.5%, futhi umzimba wenqwaba olandelayo ulungiswa "ngokushayela okuhleliwe".
○ Izinga lokushayela kwenqwaba: ≤1m/min enhlabathini ethambile, futhi indiza yamanzi enomfutho ophezulu iyadingeka ukusiza ukucwila kungqimba lomhlabathi oqinile.
○ Ukwelashwa kokuvala: Uma igebe elisele lingakwazi ukufakwa nezinqwaba ezijwayelekile, sebenzisa izinqwaba ezinomumo okhethekile (njengama-wedge piles) noma weld ukuze uvale.
5. Ukumbiwa komgodi wesisekelo nokukhipha amanzi
○ Ukumba okunezingqimba (ungqimba ngalunye ≤2m), ukusekela njengokumbiwa, isikhala sosekelo lwangaphakathi ≤3m (usekelo lokuqala ngu-≤1m ukusuka phezulu komgodi).
○ Isistimu yokukhipha amanzi: Isikhala phakathi kwemithombo yamanzi singu-20~30m, futhi amaphampu angaphansi kwamanzi (isilinganiso sokugeleza ≥10m³/h) asetshenziselwa ukumpompa okuqhubekayo.
6. Ukugcwaliswa kwangemuva nokukhipha inqwaba
Ukugcwaliswa kwangemuva kudinga ukuhlanganiswe ngokulinganayo ngezendlalelo (i-compaction degree ≥ 90%) ukuze kugwenywe ukuwohloka kwe-cofferdam ngenxa yengcindezi ehlangothini olulodwa.
Ukulandelana kokukhipha inqwaba: susa phakathi nendawo uye kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ngezikhathi ezithile, bese ujova amanzi noma isihlabathi kanyekanye ukuze unciphise ukuphazamiseka kwenhlabathi.
II. Ukuphathwa Kwezokuphepha
1. Ukulawulwa Kwengozi
○ Ukumelana nokubhidliza: Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela sokuguqulwa kwe-cofferdam (misa ukwakhiwa futhi uqinise lapho izinga lokuthambekela likhulu kuno-2%).
○ Ukungavuzi: Ngemva kokunqwabelanisa, lenga inetha ngaphakathi ukuze ufafaze i-grout noma ubeke i-geotextile engangeni manzi.
○ Ukuvimbela ukuminza: Misa ama- guardrails (ubude ≥ 1.2m) kanye nama-lifebuoys/izintambo endaweni yokusebenza.
2. Ukusabela ezimweni ezikhethekile zokusebenza
○ Ithonya le-Tidal: Misa umsebenzi amahora angu-2 ngaphambi kokuphakama kwegagasi futhi uhlole ukuvaleka kwe-cofferdam.
○ Isexwayiso semvula enamandla: Vala umgodi wesisekelo kusenesikhathi bese uqala okokusebenza okuyisipele kokukhipha amanzi (njengamaphampu anamandla amakhulu).
3. Ukuphathwa kwemvelo
○ Ukwelashwa kokucwiliswa kodaka: Misa ithange lenhlabathi elinamazinga amathathu bese ulikhipha ngemva kokuhlangabezana nezindinganiso.
○ Ukulawula umsindo: Nciphisa okokusebenza okunomsindo omkhulu phakathi nokwakhiwa kwasebusuku (njengokusebenzisa izishayeli zenqwaba yengcindezi emile esikhundleni salokho).
Ⅲ. Ireferensi yemingcele yobuchwepheshe ebalulekile
IV. Izinkinga ezivamile kanye nokwelashwa
1. Ukuchezuka kwenqwaba
Imbangela: izinto eziqinile kungqimba lomhlabathi noma ukuhleleka okungalungile kokunqwabelanisa.
Ukwelashwa: Sebenzisa “izinqwaba zokulungisa” ukuze uhlehlise umjovo noma ukugcwaliswa kwenqwaba yendawo.
2. Ukuvuza kokukhiya
Ukwelashwa: Gcwalisa izikhwama zobumba ngaphandle bese ujova i-polyurethane ekhipha amagwebu ngaphakathi ukuze ivaleke.
3. Ukuphakamisa umgodi wesisekelo
Ukuvimbela: Sheshisa ukwakhiwa kwepuleti eliphansi futhi unciphise isikhathi sokuchayeka.
V. Isifinyezo
Ukwakhiwa kwama-cofferdams wenqwaba yeshidi lensimbi kufanele kugxile "ekuzinzile (isakhiwo esizinzile), aminyene (ukuvalwa phakathi kwezinqwaba), futhi ngokushesha (ukuvalwa ngokushesha)", futhi alungise ngokuguquguqukayo inqubo ngokuhambisana nezimo ze-geological. Ezindaweni ezijulile zamanzi noma i-strata eyinkimbinkimbi, uhlelo "lokusekela kuqala bese kumbiwa" noma "i-cofferdam ehlanganisiwe" (inqwaba yeshidi lensimbi + udonga oluqinile lokulwa nokuvuleka) lungatholwa. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kuqukethe inhlanganisela yamandla namandla. Ukulingana okuphelele phakathi komuntu nemvelo kungaqinisekisa inqubekelaphambili eshelelayo yokwakha futhi kunciphise umonakalo nokumoshwa kwemithombo yemvelo.
If you have any further questions or demands, please feel free to contact Ms. Wendy. wendy@jxhammer.com
whatsapp/wechat: + 86 183 5358 1176
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-10-2025