Mumakore achangopfuura, pasi rose renewable simba rakagadzirwa nekukurumidza, kunyanya photovoltaic simba rekugadzira tekinoroji yakaita budiriro inoenderera. Muna 2024, purojekiti yepasirese yakavhurika yepasirese yepasirese yakabudirira kubatana kune grid muShandong, China, iyo zvakare yakakwezva kutarisa kweindasitiri kune ramangwana rekunze kwemahombekombe photovoltaics. Iyi purojekiti haingoratidzi kukura kweiyo offshore photovoltaic tekinoroji, asi inopawo gwara idzva rekuvandudzwa kwesimba rinogoneka mune ramangwana. Saka, sei offshore photovoltaic yakakurumbira? Ndeapi ari tarisiro yebudiriro yeramangwana?
1. Zvakanakira offshore photovoltaics: Sei zvakakodzera kuvandudza?
Offshore photovoltaics (Offshore Floating PV) inoreva kuiswa kwemafotovoltaic modules pamusoro pegungwa kuitira kugadzira magetsi. Kuenzaniswa neyechinyakare land photovoltaics, ine zvakawanda zvakanaka:
1. Kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvevhu
Land photovoltaic magetsi zviteshi zvinotora zviwanikwa zvepasi zvakawanda, nepo offshore photovoltaics inoshandisa nzvimbo yegungwa, iyo inobatsira kudzikamisa matambudziko ekunetsana kwenyika, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda kana nzvimbo dzine zviwanikwa zvevhu zvishoma.
2. Kubudirira kwekugadzira simba kwepamusoro
Nekuda kwekushisa kwakadzikama pagungwa, kutonhora kwemuviri wemvura kunoita kuti tembiricha ye photovoltaic modules iderere, nekudaro ichivandudza simba rekugadzira simba.
Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti simba rekugadzira rekunze photovoltaics rinogona kuva 5% ~ 10% yakakwirira kupfuura iyo yenyika photovoltaics.
3. Kushandiswa kwakazara kwesimba rinodzorerwa
Offshore photovoltaics inogona kusanganiswa nemhepo yekunze kwemhepo kuti iite "mhepo-solar complementary" simba system yekuvandudza kugadzikana kwesimba rekupa.
Inogona zvakare kusanganiswa nemaindasitiri akadai semarine ranching uye yegungwa desalination kuti iwane multifunctional yakabatanidzwa budiriro.
4. Deredza kuvharwa kweguruva uye uvandudze kuchena kwe photovoltaic panels
Nyika photovoltaics inobatwa nyore nyore nejecha uye matope, zvichiita kuti kusvibiswa kwepamusoro kwe photovoltaic modules, nepo offshore photovoltaics isinganyanyi kukanganiswa neizvi uye ine mari shoma yekuchengetedza.
2. Iyo yakakura yepasi rose photovoltaic project: Shandong's demonstration role
Iyo yakabudirira gidhi yekubatanidza yepasirese yakavhurika offshore photovoltaic chirongwa muDongying, Shandong, inocherekedza nhanho nyowani ye offshore photovoltaics yakanangana nekukura uye kwekutengeserana. Zvimiro zvepurojekiti zvinosanganisira:
1. Yakakura yakaiswa simba: Gigawatt-level offshore photovoltaic power station, ine yakazara yakaiswa simba re1GW, ndiyo purojekiti yekutanga pasi rose kusvika pamwero uyu.
2. Kureba kure kure nemhenderekedzo yegungwa: Iyo purojekiti iri munzvimbo yegungwa 8 km kubva kumahombekombe, ichichinjika kune yakaoma nharaunda yegungwa, zvichiratidza kugona kwehunyanzvi kweoffshore photovoltaics.
3. Kushandisa tekinoroji yepamusoro: Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira kuora, kushanda nehungwaru uye masisitimu ekugadzirisa uye mabhuraketi anoyangarara akavandudza kuvimbika uye kusimba kwechirongwa.
Ichi chirongwa hachingori chiitiko chakakosha mukushandurwa kwesimba kweChina, asi chinopawo ruzivo kune dzimwe nyika kuti dzidzidze kubva uye kusimudzira kuvandudzwa kwepasi rose offshore photovoltaics.
III. Mamiriro azvino uye mafambiro emangwana epasi rose offshore photovoltaics
1. Nyika huru uko offshore photovoltaics inoshandiswa ikozvino
Parizvino, kuwedzera kuChina, nyika dzakaita seNetherlands, Japan, neSingapore dziri kushingaira kuendesa kunze kwemahombekombe photovoltaics.
Netherlands: Pakare muna 2019, chirongwa che "North Sea Solar" chakatangwa kuti chiongorore kugona kweiyo offshore photovoltaics muNorth Sea.
Japan: Yakaganhurirwa nenzvimbo yepasi, yakagadzira zvine simba tekinoroji inoyangarara yephotovoltaic mumakore achangopfuura uye yakavaka akati wandei ekumahombekombe photovoltaic magetsi zviteshi.
Singapore: Iyo yakakura pasi rose inoyangarara offshore photovoltaic project (60MW) yakavakwa uye iri kuramba ichikurudzira mamwe offshore photovoltaic application.
2. Mamiriro emangwana mukugadzirwa kweoffshore photovoltaics
(1) Kusimukira kwakabatanidzwa nesimba remhepo
Mune ramangwana, offshore photovoltaics uye offshore simba remhepo richagadzira zvishoma nezvishoma "mhepo-solar complementary" modhi, uchishandisa nzvimbo yegungwa yakafanana yekusimudzira simba rakazara. Izvi hazvigone chete kuderedza mari yekuvaka, asiwo kuvandudza kushanda kwesimba.
(2) Kubudirira kwehunyanzvi uye kuderedzwa kwemutengo
Parizvino, offshore photovoltaics ichiri kutarisana nematambudziko ehunyanzvi akadai semunyu wekupfapfaidza corrosion, mhepo uye mafungu maitiro, uye yakaoma kugadzirisa. Nekudaro, nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji senge corrosion-resistant photovoltaic components, hungwaru kushanda uye kugadzirisa, uye AI optimization manejimendi, kuvaka uye kugadzirisa mari yeoffshore photovoltaics ichaderera zvishoma nezvishoma mune ramangwana.
(3) Policy uye mari rutsigiro
Hurumende dzenyika dzakasiyana siyana dziri kuwedzera tsigiro yavo yemitemo yekunze kwemahombekombe photovoltais, semuenzaniso:
China: Iyo "14th Five-Year Plan" inotsigira zvakajeka kuvandudzwa kwesimba idzva rekunze uye inokurudzira kurongeka kwakarongeka kweoffshore photovoltaics uye offshore mhepo simba.
EU: Yakarongedzerwa "European Green Deal" uye inoronga kuvaka yakakura-yakakura yekumahombekombe renewable simba base ne2050, iyo photovoltaics ichazvidavirira kune yakakosha mugove.
IV. Zvinetso uye nzira dzekugadzirisa dze offshore photovoltaics
Kunyangwe offshore photovoltaics vane tarisiro yakakura, vachiri kutarisana nemamwe matambudziko, akadai se:
1. Matambudziko ounyanzvi
Mhepo uye mafungu anopikisa dhizaini: photovoltaic zvikamu uye mabhuraketi zvinoda kumirisana nenzvimbo dzakaoma dzemugungwa (senge madutu nemafungu akakwira).
Anti-corrosion zvinhu: Mvura yegungwa inoparadza zvakanyanya, uye photovoltaic modules, mabhuraketi, zvinobatanidza, nezvimwewo zvinoda kushandisa munyu pfapfaidzo isingadziviriri zvinhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-25-2025